![]() ![]() The clandestine authors were aware that it would be impossible to spread their ideas outside a circle protected by the manuscript form and most often by anonymity. ![]() Bodin’s Colloquium, like Theophrastus redivivus and Meslier’s Mémoire, could not have been published either in a Catholic country or in a Protestant one, either in an absolute monarchy or in a republic. For the play by Edmond Rostand, see Cyrano de Bergerac (play).For other works with this title, see Cyrano de Bergerac (disambiguation). The exclusion did not regard one or another context but all of the contexts of the Ancien Régime, as they expressed a radical dissent in contrast with all of the orthodoxies of modern Europe. This article is about the French dramatist. These philosophical manuscripts were messengers of “full heterodoxy” which we could call “global” and not “local”. In the 17th century not all manuscripts were clandestine because there also existed manuscripts written for public circulation, but it is undeniable that most of the resolutely “heterodox” authors found it useful to entrust their ideas to manuscripts both to protect themselves against the retaliation of the authorities and to circumvent the censorship to which printed books were subject. ![]()
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